Development of expressive language and social skills in children with normal hearing and hearing impairment
,
Abstract
Background and Aim: Expressive language is the most basic and widespread means of communication; children with hearing impairments are one of the largest groups of children with speech and language disorders. Therefore, this study compares the relationship between the development of expressive language and social skills in children with cochlear implants (CIs), hearing aid (HA) users and normal Persian-speaking peers aged five to seven years old.
Methods: The present study is a cross-sectional comparative study. 45 children in three groups; normal hearing, CIs and HA users were selected by convenience sampling. The child’s communication and social skills were assessed using Matson and children’s communication checklist (CCC) tests. Through the analysis of a descriptive speech sample of language indicators, the mean length of utterance- morpheme (MLU-m), number of different words (NDW) and the percentage of intelligible utterances (PIU) of the child were obtained and examined. ANOVA test was used to compare the groups and Pearson test was used to examine the correlation between variables.
Results: The mean score of CCC test, PIU and NDW are significantly different in the three groups. MLU and Matson subtests are not significantly different in three groups. Correlation between variables was different in each group.
Conclusion: Communication skills, intelligibility, and lexical diversity are significantly different between normal and hearing- impaired children. MLU and Matson subtests are not significantly different in three groups. The correlation patterns among different subtests of CCC and Matson for children with hearing impairment were different form normal hearing children.
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11. Biabangard E. A comparison of soctal skills between blind, deaf and normal high school female students in Tehran. Journal oF Exceptional Children. 2005;5(1):55-68.
12. Davoudi I, Mazarei Kascani R, Mehrabizadeh Honarmand M. [Social skill, life satisfaction and locus of control in normal-hearing and hearing-impaired stu¬dents]. Audiol. 2014;23(2).:66-73. Persian.
13. Robertson SB, Weismer SE. Effects of treatment on linguistic and social skills in toddlers with delayed language development. J Speech Lang Hear Res. 1999;42(5):1234-48. doi: 10.1044/jslhr.4205.1234
14. Vahab M, Shahim S, Oryadizanjani MM, Jafari S, Faham M. [The relationship of expressive language development and social skills in 4-6-year-old Persian-speaking children]. Audiol. 2012;21(4):28-36. Persian.
15. McCue Horwitz S, Irwin JR, Briggs-Gowan MJ, Heenan JMB, Mendoza J, Carter AS. Language delay in a community cohort of young children. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2003;42(8):932-40. doi: 10.1097/01.CHI.0000046889.27264.5E
16. Beitchman JH, Nair R, Clegg M, Ferguson B, Patel PG. Prevalence of psychiatric disorders in children with speech and language disorders. J Am Acad Child Psychiatry. 1986;25(4):528-35. doi: 10.1016/s0002-7138(10)60013-1
17. Carson DK, Klee T, Perry CK, Muskina G, Donaghy T. Comparisons of children with delayed and normal language at 24 months of age on measures of behavioral difficulties, social and cognitive development. Infant Mental Health Journal. 1998;19(1):59-75. doi: 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0355(199821)19.
18. Netten AP, Rieffe C, Theunissen SCPM, Soede W, Dirks E, Briaire JJ, et al. Low empathy in deaf and hard of hearing (pre) adolescents compared to normal hearing controls. PLoS One. 2015;10(4):e0124102. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0124102
19. Hoffman MF, Cejas I, Quittner AL; CDaCI Investigative Team . Comparisons of longitudinal trajectories of social competence: Parent ratings of children with cochlear implants versus hearing peers. Otol Neurotol. 2016;37(2):152-9. doi: 10.1097/MAO.0000000000000938
20. Yousefi F, Khayer M. Reliability and validity of MESSY and comparing male and female high school students in this scale. Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences University of Shiraz. 2002;18(2):147-59.
21. Mahmoodi F, Zarifiyan T, Kazemi Y, Shirazi TS. [Cultural adaptation and validation of the Persian version of the children's communication checklist- second edition (CCC-2)]. J Res Rehabil Sci. 2014;10(2):281-91. Persian. doi: 10.22122/jrrs.v10i2.1662
22. Miller J, Chapman R. Systematic analysis of language transcripts (SALT). Research version. Madison, WI: University of Wisconsin. 2008.
23. Samadi H. The acquisition of Persian: grammatically-based measures for assessing normal and abnormal Persian language development. [PhD Dissertation]. University of Sheffield; 1997.
24. A'shouri M, Jalil-Abkenar SS, Hassan-Zadeh S, Pourmohammadreza-Tajrishi M. [Speech intelligibility in children with cochlear implant, with hearing aids and normal hearing]. Archives of Rehabilitation. 2013;14(3):8-15. Persian.
25. Chin SB, Tsai PL, Gao S. Connected speech intelligibility of children with cochlear implants and children with normal hearing. Am J Speech Lang Pathol. 2003;12(4):440-51. doi: 10.1044/1058-0360(2003/090)
26. Le Maner-Idrissi G, Bissaoui SLS, Dardier V, Codet M, Botte-Bonneton N, Delahaye F, et al. Emotional Speech Comprehension in Deaf Children with Cochlear Implant. Psychology of Language and Communication. 2020;24(1):44-69. doi: 10.2478/plc-2020-0003
27. González-Cuenca A, Linero MJ. Lies and irony understanding in deaf and hearing adolescents. J Deaf Stud Deaf Educ. 2020;25(4):517-29. doi: 10.1093/deafed/enaa014
28. Clark M. Language through living for hearing-impaired children. London: Hodder and Stoughton. 1989.
29. Gallaway C, Woll B. Interaction and childhood deafness. In: Gallaway C, Richards BJ, editors. Input and interaction in language acquisition. 1st ed. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press; 1994. p. 198-218.
30. Ertmer DJ, Strong LM, Sadagopan N. Beginning to Communicate After Cochlear Implantation: oral language development in a young child. J Speech Lang Hear Res. 2003;46(2):328-40. doi: 10.1044/1092-4388(2003/026)
31. Desjardin JL, Ambrose SE, Martinez AS, Eisenberg LS. Relationships between speech perception abilities and spoken language skills in young children with hearing loss. Int J Audiol. 2009;48(5):248-59. doi: 10.1080/14992020802607423
32. Tavakoli M, Jalilevand N, Kamali M, Modarresi Y, Zarandy MM. Language sampling for children with and without cochlear implant: MLU, NDW, and NTW. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol. 2015;79(12):2191-5. doi: 10.1016/j.ijporl.2015.10.001
33. Tye-Murray N. Conversational fluency of children who use cochlear implants. Ear Hear. 2003;24(1 Suppl):82S-9S. doi: 10.1097/01.AUD.0000051691.33869.EC
34. Rezaei-Dehnavi S, Rostami S, Mojaver S. Comparison of Social Skills in Hard-of-Hearing Children with Hearing Aids and Cochlear Implants in Shiraz, Iran. JRRS. 2017;12(6):318-23. doi: 10.22122/jrrs.v12i6.2757
2. Korver AMH, Konings S, Dekker FW, Beers M, Wever CC, Frijns JMH, et al. Newborn hearing screening vs later hearing screening and developmental outcomes in children with permanent childhood hearing impairment. JAMA. 2010;304(15):1701-8. doi: 10.1001/jama.2010.1501
3. Leigh J, Dettman S, Dowell R, Briggs R. Communication development in children who receive a cochlear implant by 12 months of age. Otol Neurotol. 2013;34(3):443-50. doi: 10.1097/MAO.0b013e3182814d2c
4. Svirsky MA, Robbins AM, Kirk KI, Pisoni DB, Miyamoto RT. Language development in profoundly deaf children with cochlear implants. Psychol Sci. 2000;11(2):153-8. doi: 10.1111/1467-9280.00231
5. Sarant JZ, Harris DC, Galvin KL, Bennet LA, Canagasabey M, Busby PA. Social development in children with early cochlear implants: normative comparisons and predictive factors, including bilateral implantation. Ear Hear. 2018;39(4):770-782. doi: 10.1097/AUD.0000000000000533
6. Kennedy CR, McCann DC, Campbell MJ, Law CM, Mullee M, Petrou S, et al. Language ability after early detection of permanent childhood hearing impairment. N Engl J Med. 2006;354(20):2131-41. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa054915
7. Geers AE, Nicholas JG, Sedey AL. Language skills of children with early cochlear implantation. Ear Hear. 2003;24(1 Suppl):46S-58S. doi: 10.1097/01.AUD.0000051689.57380.1B
8. Snow P, Douglas J. Psychosocial aspects of pragmatic disorders. In: Cummings L, editor. Research in clinical pragmatics, vol 11. Springer, Cham; 2017. p. 617-49. doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-47489-2_23
9. Little SG, Swangler J, Akin-Little A. Defining social skills. In: Matson JL, editor. Handbook of social behavior and skills in children (autism and child psychopathology series). 1st ed. Cham, Switzerland: Springer; 2017.p. 9-17. doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-64592-6_2
10. Davis III TE, Hess JA, Moree BN, Fodstad JC, Dempsey T, Jenkins WS, et al. Anxiety symptoms across the lifespan in people diagnosed with autistic disorder. Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders. 2011;5(1):112-8. doi: 10.1016/j.rasd.2010.02.006
11. Biabangard E. A comparison of soctal skills between blind, deaf and normal high school female students in Tehran. Journal oF Exceptional Children. 2005;5(1):55-68.
12. Davoudi I, Mazarei Kascani R, Mehrabizadeh Honarmand M. [Social skill, life satisfaction and locus of control in normal-hearing and hearing-impaired stu¬dents]. Audiol. 2014;23(2).:66-73. Persian.
13. Robertson SB, Weismer SE. Effects of treatment on linguistic and social skills in toddlers with delayed language development. J Speech Lang Hear Res. 1999;42(5):1234-48. doi: 10.1044/jslhr.4205.1234
14. Vahab M, Shahim S, Oryadizanjani MM, Jafari S, Faham M. [The relationship of expressive language development and social skills in 4-6-year-old Persian-speaking children]. Audiol. 2012;21(4):28-36. Persian.
15. McCue Horwitz S, Irwin JR, Briggs-Gowan MJ, Heenan JMB, Mendoza J, Carter AS. Language delay in a community cohort of young children. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2003;42(8):932-40. doi: 10.1097/01.CHI.0000046889.27264.5E
16. Beitchman JH, Nair R, Clegg M, Ferguson B, Patel PG. Prevalence of psychiatric disorders in children with speech and language disorders. J Am Acad Child Psychiatry. 1986;25(4):528-35. doi: 10.1016/s0002-7138(10)60013-1
17. Carson DK, Klee T, Perry CK, Muskina G, Donaghy T. Comparisons of children with delayed and normal language at 24 months of age on measures of behavioral difficulties, social and cognitive development. Infant Mental Health Journal. 1998;19(1):59-75. doi: 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0355(199821)19.
18. Netten AP, Rieffe C, Theunissen SCPM, Soede W, Dirks E, Briaire JJ, et al. Low empathy in deaf and hard of hearing (pre) adolescents compared to normal hearing controls. PLoS One. 2015;10(4):e0124102. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0124102
19. Hoffman MF, Cejas I, Quittner AL; CDaCI Investigative Team . Comparisons of longitudinal trajectories of social competence: Parent ratings of children with cochlear implants versus hearing peers. Otol Neurotol. 2016;37(2):152-9. doi: 10.1097/MAO.0000000000000938
20. Yousefi F, Khayer M. Reliability and validity of MESSY and comparing male and female high school students in this scale. Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences University of Shiraz. 2002;18(2):147-59.
21. Mahmoodi F, Zarifiyan T, Kazemi Y, Shirazi TS. [Cultural adaptation and validation of the Persian version of the children's communication checklist- second edition (CCC-2)]. J Res Rehabil Sci. 2014;10(2):281-91. Persian. doi: 10.22122/jrrs.v10i2.1662
22. Miller J, Chapman R. Systematic analysis of language transcripts (SALT). Research version. Madison, WI: University of Wisconsin. 2008.
23. Samadi H. The acquisition of Persian: grammatically-based measures for assessing normal and abnormal Persian language development. [PhD Dissertation]. University of Sheffield; 1997.
24. A'shouri M, Jalil-Abkenar SS, Hassan-Zadeh S, Pourmohammadreza-Tajrishi M. [Speech intelligibility in children with cochlear implant, with hearing aids and normal hearing]. Archives of Rehabilitation. 2013;14(3):8-15. Persian.
25. Chin SB, Tsai PL, Gao S. Connected speech intelligibility of children with cochlear implants and children with normal hearing. Am J Speech Lang Pathol. 2003;12(4):440-51. doi: 10.1044/1058-0360(2003/090)
26. Le Maner-Idrissi G, Bissaoui SLS, Dardier V, Codet M, Botte-Bonneton N, Delahaye F, et al. Emotional Speech Comprehension in Deaf Children with Cochlear Implant. Psychology of Language and Communication. 2020;24(1):44-69. doi: 10.2478/plc-2020-0003
27. González-Cuenca A, Linero MJ. Lies and irony understanding in deaf and hearing adolescents. J Deaf Stud Deaf Educ. 2020;25(4):517-29. doi: 10.1093/deafed/enaa014
28. Clark M. Language through living for hearing-impaired children. London: Hodder and Stoughton. 1989.
29. Gallaway C, Woll B. Interaction and childhood deafness. In: Gallaway C, Richards BJ, editors. Input and interaction in language acquisition. 1st ed. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press; 1994. p. 198-218.
30. Ertmer DJ, Strong LM, Sadagopan N. Beginning to Communicate After Cochlear Implantation: oral language development in a young child. J Speech Lang Hear Res. 2003;46(2):328-40. doi: 10.1044/1092-4388(2003/026)
31. Desjardin JL, Ambrose SE, Martinez AS, Eisenberg LS. Relationships between speech perception abilities and spoken language skills in young children with hearing loss. Int J Audiol. 2009;48(5):248-59. doi: 10.1080/14992020802607423
32. Tavakoli M, Jalilevand N, Kamali M, Modarresi Y, Zarandy MM. Language sampling for children with and without cochlear implant: MLU, NDW, and NTW. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol. 2015;79(12):2191-5. doi: 10.1016/j.ijporl.2015.10.001
33. Tye-Murray N. Conversational fluency of children who use cochlear implants. Ear Hear. 2003;24(1 Suppl):82S-9S. doi: 10.1097/01.AUD.0000051691.33869.EC
34. Rezaei-Dehnavi S, Rostami S, Mojaver S. Comparison of Social Skills in Hard-of-Hearing Children with Hearing Aids and Cochlear Implants in Shiraz, Iran. JRRS. 2017;12(6):318-23. doi: 10.22122/jrrs.v12i6.2757
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| Issue | Vol 30 No 2 (2021) | |
| Section | Research Article(s) | |
| DOI | https://doi.org/10.18502/avr.v30i2.6098 | |
| Keywords | ||
| Hearing impairment communication skills mean length of utterance percentage of intelligible utterances number of different words; social skills | ||
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How to Cite
1.
Tabatabaei MS, Soleymani Z, Aghajanzadeh M. Development of expressive language and social skills in children with normal hearing and hearing impairment. Aud Vestib Res. 2021;30(2):128-138.
