The prevalence of hearing loss in infants hospitalized in the neonatal intensive care units
,
Abstract
Background and Aim: Studies have shown that several factors affect the hearing loss of infants hospitalized in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). These factors include hyperbilirubinemia, low birth weight, asphyxia, and prematurity. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of hearing loss and its risk factors in NICU infants.
Methods: This is a cross-sectional study. Samples were 159 infants admitted to the NICU in Fatemieh and Shahid Beheshti hospitals in Hamadan, Iran, who were selected using a convenience sampling method. Their hearing was screened using transient evoked otoacoustic emission (TEOAE) and automated auditory brainstem response (AABR) tests; in case of failure in these tests, auditory brainstem response (ABR) was performed.
Results: Of 159 infants, 9 (5.66%) were identified with different types of hearing loss where 4 (2.51%) had sensory-neural hearing loss, one (0.62%) had auditory neuropathy and 4 (2.51%) had conductive hearing loss. There was a statistically significant relationship between hearing loss and birth weight < 1500 g, hyperbilirubinemia, antibiotic therapy, family history of hearing loss, asphyxia and Apgar score < 5.
Conclusion: Prevalence of hearing loss in NICU infants is noticeable so hearing assessment after discharge is necessary. Due to the presence of auditory neuropathy, simultaneous use of TEOAE and AABR tests in these infants is recommended.
1. Abdullah A, Hazim MYS, Almyzan A, Jamilah AG, Roslin S, Ann MT, et al. Newborn hearing screening: experience in a Malaysian hospital. Singapore Med J. 2006;47(1):60-4.
2. Vohr BR, Oh W, Stewart EJ, Bentkover JD, Gabbard S, Lemonset J, et al. Comparison of costs and referral rates of 3 universal newborn hearing screening protocols. J Pediatr. 2001;139(2):238-44. doi: 10.1067/mpd.2001.115971
3. Hyde ML. Newborn hearing screening programs: overview. J Otolaryngol. 2005;34 Suppl 2:S70-8.
4. Stern RE, Yueh B, Lewis C, Norton S, Sie KC. Recent epidemiology of pediatric cochlear implantation in the United States: disparity among children of different ethnicity and socioeconomic status. Laryngoscope. 2005;115(1):125-31. doi: 10.1097/01.mlg.0000150698.61624.3c
5. Rai N, Thakur N. Universal screening of newborns to detect hearing impairment--is it necessary? Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol. 2013;77(6):1036-41. doi: 10.1016/j.ijporl.2013.04.006
6. American Academy of Pediatrics, Joint Committee on Infant Hearing. Year 2007 position statement: Principles and guidelines for early hearing detection and intervention programs. Pediatrics. 2007;120(4):898-921. doi: 10.1542/peds.2007-2333
7. Martines F, Martines E, Mucia M, Sciacca V, Salvago P. Prelingual sensorineural hearing loss and infants at risk: Western Sicily report. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol. 2013;77(4):513-8. doi: 10.1016/j.ijporl.2012.12.023
8. Farhadi M, Mahmoudian S, Mohammad K, Daneshi A. [The pilot study of a nationwide neonatal hearing scree¬ning in Iran: Akbarabadi and Mirzakouchak- Khan hospitals in Tehran (June 2003-October 2004)]. Hakim Health Sys Res. 2006;9(3):65-75. Persian.
9. Torkaman M, Amirsalari S, Ghasemi Firouzabadi M, Afsharpayman S, Kavehmanesh Z, Beiraghdar F, et al. [Evaluation of universal newborn hearing screening with transient-evoked otoacoustic emission and auditory brainstem response: a cross-sectional study with the literature review]. J Isfahan Med Sch. 2012;30(201):1209-17. Persian.
10. Arjmandi F, Farhangfar B, Mehrabi S, Toghiani A, Sohrabi H. Prevalence of deafness and hearing screening in newborns in Isfahan. J Res Med Sci. 2012;17(Spec 2): S234-7.
11. Gohari N, Firuzbakht M, Esmailzade M, Mashhadihossein F, Rashedi V. [Evaluation of universal newborn hearing screening with TEOAE-TEOAE and TEOAE-AABR]. J Res Rehabil Sci. 2014;10(1):46-55. Persian. doi: 10.22122/jrrs.v10i1.1333
12. Zamani A, Daneshjou K, Ameni A, Takand J. Estimating the incidence of neonatal hearing loss in high risk neonates. Acta Med Iran. 2004;42(3):176-80.
13. Lewis DR, Marone SAM, Mendes BCA, Cruz OLM, de Nóbrega M. Multiprofessional committee on auditory health – COMUSA. Braz J Otorhinolaryngol. 2010;76(1):121-8. doi: 10.1590/S1808-86942010000100020
14. Xu FL, Xing QJ, Cheng XY. [A comparison of auditory brainstem responses and otoacoustic emissions in hearing screening of high-risk neonates]. Zhongguo Dang Dai Er Ke Za Zhi. 2008;10(4):460-3. Chinese.
15. Hille ET, van Straaten HI, Verkerk PH; Dutch NICU Neonatal Hearing Screening Working Group. Prevalence and independent risk factors for hearing loss in NICU infants. Acta Paediatr. 2007;96(8):1155-8. doi: 10.1111/j.1651-2227.2007.00398.x
16. White KR, Forsman I, Eichwald J, Munoz K. The evolution of early hearing detection and intervention programs in the United States. Semin Perinatol. 2010;34(2):170-9. doi: 10.1053/j.semperi.2009.12.009
17. Molini E, Calzolaro L, Lapenna R, Ricci G. Universal newborn hearing screening in Umbria region, Italy. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol. 2016;82:92-7. doi: 10.1016/j.ijporl.2016.01.007
18. Pourarian S, Khademi B, Pishva N, Jamali A. Prevalence of hearing loss in newborns admitted to neonatal intensive care unit. Iran J Otorhinolaryngol. 2012;24(3):129-34. doi: 10.22038/IJORL.2012.185
19. Yoshikawa S, Ikeda K, Kudo T, Kobayashi T. The effects of hypoxia, premature birth, infection, ototoxic drugs, circulatory system and congenital disease on neonatal hearing loss. Auris Nasus Larynx. 2004;31(4):361-8. doi: 10.1016/j.anl.2004.07.007
20. Rechia IC, Liberalesso KP, Angst OVM, Mahl FD, Garcia MV, Biaggio EPV. Intensive care unit: results of the newborn hearing screening. Braz J Otorhinolaryngol. 2016;82(1):76-81. doi: 10.1016/j.bjorl.2015.06.004
21. Driscoll C, Beswick R, Doherty E, D'Silva R, Cross A. The validity of family history as a risk factor in pediatric hearing loss. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol. 2015;79(5):654-9. doi: 10.1016/j.ijporl.2015.02.007
22. Poonual W, Navacharoen N, Kangsanarak J, Namwongprom S. Risk factors for hearing loss in infants under universal hearing screening program in Northern Thailand. J Multidiscip Healthc. 2015;9:1-5. doi: 10.2147/JMDH.S92818
23. Coenraad S, Goedegebure A, van Goudoever JB, Hoeve LJ. Risk factors for sensorineural hearing loss in NICU infants compared to normal hearing NICU controls. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol. 2010;74(9):999-1002. doi: 10.1016/j.ijporl.2010.05.024
24. Xu Z, Cheng W, Yang X. Performance of two hearing screening protocols in NICU in Shanghai. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol. 2011;75(10):1225-9. doi: 10.1016/j.ijporl.2011.07.004
2. Vohr BR, Oh W, Stewart EJ, Bentkover JD, Gabbard S, Lemonset J, et al. Comparison of costs and referral rates of 3 universal newborn hearing screening protocols. J Pediatr. 2001;139(2):238-44. doi: 10.1067/mpd.2001.115971
3. Hyde ML. Newborn hearing screening programs: overview. J Otolaryngol. 2005;34 Suppl 2:S70-8.
4. Stern RE, Yueh B, Lewis C, Norton S, Sie KC. Recent epidemiology of pediatric cochlear implantation in the United States: disparity among children of different ethnicity and socioeconomic status. Laryngoscope. 2005;115(1):125-31. doi: 10.1097/01.mlg.0000150698.61624.3c
5. Rai N, Thakur N. Universal screening of newborns to detect hearing impairment--is it necessary? Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol. 2013;77(6):1036-41. doi: 10.1016/j.ijporl.2013.04.006
6. American Academy of Pediatrics, Joint Committee on Infant Hearing. Year 2007 position statement: Principles and guidelines for early hearing detection and intervention programs. Pediatrics. 2007;120(4):898-921. doi: 10.1542/peds.2007-2333
7. Martines F, Martines E, Mucia M, Sciacca V, Salvago P. Prelingual sensorineural hearing loss and infants at risk: Western Sicily report. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol. 2013;77(4):513-8. doi: 10.1016/j.ijporl.2012.12.023
8. Farhadi M, Mahmoudian S, Mohammad K, Daneshi A. [The pilot study of a nationwide neonatal hearing scree¬ning in Iran: Akbarabadi and Mirzakouchak- Khan hospitals in Tehran (June 2003-October 2004)]. Hakim Health Sys Res. 2006;9(3):65-75. Persian.
9. Torkaman M, Amirsalari S, Ghasemi Firouzabadi M, Afsharpayman S, Kavehmanesh Z, Beiraghdar F, et al. [Evaluation of universal newborn hearing screening with transient-evoked otoacoustic emission and auditory brainstem response: a cross-sectional study with the literature review]. J Isfahan Med Sch. 2012;30(201):1209-17. Persian.
10. Arjmandi F, Farhangfar B, Mehrabi S, Toghiani A, Sohrabi H. Prevalence of deafness and hearing screening in newborns in Isfahan. J Res Med Sci. 2012;17(Spec 2): S234-7.
11. Gohari N, Firuzbakht M, Esmailzade M, Mashhadihossein F, Rashedi V. [Evaluation of universal newborn hearing screening with TEOAE-TEOAE and TEOAE-AABR]. J Res Rehabil Sci. 2014;10(1):46-55. Persian. doi: 10.22122/jrrs.v10i1.1333
12. Zamani A, Daneshjou K, Ameni A, Takand J. Estimating the incidence of neonatal hearing loss in high risk neonates. Acta Med Iran. 2004;42(3):176-80.
13. Lewis DR, Marone SAM, Mendes BCA, Cruz OLM, de Nóbrega M. Multiprofessional committee on auditory health – COMUSA. Braz J Otorhinolaryngol. 2010;76(1):121-8. doi: 10.1590/S1808-86942010000100020
14. Xu FL, Xing QJ, Cheng XY. [A comparison of auditory brainstem responses and otoacoustic emissions in hearing screening of high-risk neonates]. Zhongguo Dang Dai Er Ke Za Zhi. 2008;10(4):460-3. Chinese.
15. Hille ET, van Straaten HI, Verkerk PH; Dutch NICU Neonatal Hearing Screening Working Group. Prevalence and independent risk factors for hearing loss in NICU infants. Acta Paediatr. 2007;96(8):1155-8. doi: 10.1111/j.1651-2227.2007.00398.x
16. White KR, Forsman I, Eichwald J, Munoz K. The evolution of early hearing detection and intervention programs in the United States. Semin Perinatol. 2010;34(2):170-9. doi: 10.1053/j.semperi.2009.12.009
17. Molini E, Calzolaro L, Lapenna R, Ricci G. Universal newborn hearing screening in Umbria region, Italy. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol. 2016;82:92-7. doi: 10.1016/j.ijporl.2016.01.007
18. Pourarian S, Khademi B, Pishva N, Jamali A. Prevalence of hearing loss in newborns admitted to neonatal intensive care unit. Iran J Otorhinolaryngol. 2012;24(3):129-34. doi: 10.22038/IJORL.2012.185
19. Yoshikawa S, Ikeda K, Kudo T, Kobayashi T. The effects of hypoxia, premature birth, infection, ototoxic drugs, circulatory system and congenital disease on neonatal hearing loss. Auris Nasus Larynx. 2004;31(4):361-8. doi: 10.1016/j.anl.2004.07.007
20. Rechia IC, Liberalesso KP, Angst OVM, Mahl FD, Garcia MV, Biaggio EPV. Intensive care unit: results of the newborn hearing screening. Braz J Otorhinolaryngol. 2016;82(1):76-81. doi: 10.1016/j.bjorl.2015.06.004
21. Driscoll C, Beswick R, Doherty E, D'Silva R, Cross A. The validity of family history as a risk factor in pediatric hearing loss. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol. 2015;79(5):654-9. doi: 10.1016/j.ijporl.2015.02.007
22. Poonual W, Navacharoen N, Kangsanarak J, Namwongprom S. Risk factors for hearing loss in infants under universal hearing screening program in Northern Thailand. J Multidiscip Healthc. 2015;9:1-5. doi: 10.2147/JMDH.S92818
23. Coenraad S, Goedegebure A, van Goudoever JB, Hoeve LJ. Risk factors for sensorineural hearing loss in NICU infants compared to normal hearing NICU controls. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol. 2010;74(9):999-1002. doi: 10.1016/j.ijporl.2010.05.024
24. Xu Z, Cheng W, Yang X. Performance of two hearing screening protocols in NICU in Shanghai. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol. 2011;75(10):1225-9. doi: 10.1016/j.ijporl.2011.07.004
| Files | ||
| Issue | Vol 29 No 4 (2020) | |
| Section | Research Article(s) | |
| DOI | https://doi.org/10.18502/avr.v29i4.4638 | |
| Keywords | ||
| Infant hearing screening neonatal intensive care unit auditory brainstem response | ||
| Rights and permissions | |
|
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License. |
How to Cite
1.
Gohari N, Farahani F, Gharebaghy S, Alaei S, Ahmadi S, Mozafari Z. The prevalence of hearing loss in infants hospitalized in the neonatal intensive care units. Aud Vestib Res. 2020;29(4):197-203.
