The Effectiveness of Jung’s Self-Knowledge on the Adaptability and Marital Satisfaction of Mothers with Hearing-Impaired Children
,
Abstract
Background and Aim: Hearing-impairment and hearing loss are humans’ most common neurological and sensory injuries. Having a child with hearing loss, in addition to affecting the amount of stress on the family and parents, can also affect the marital satisfaction of the couple. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of Jung’s self-knowledge on the adaptability and marital satisfaction of mothers with hearing-impaired children.
Methods: This research was quasi-experimental with a pretest-post-test design with a control group. The study’s statistical population includes all mothers with hearing-impaired children living in Yazd City, Iran. A total of 30 women were selected using the purposive sampling method and were randomly divided into the control (15 people) and intervention groups (15 people). The intervention group received Jung’s self-knowledge training in eight 90-minute sessions once a week, while the control group received no training. Data were collected through a marital satisfaction questionnaire and a family adaptation questionnaire. The data were analyzed at the level of descriptive and inferential statistics.
Results: The results of the data analysis showed a significant difference between the variables of compatibility and marital satisfaction in the post-test of the experimental and control groups.
Conclusion: Jung’s self-knowledge affects the adaptability and marital satisfaction of mothers with hearing-impaired children. Therefore, self-knowledge with Jung’s method can be useful for improving the adaptability and marital satisfaction of mothers with hearing-impaired children.
[1] Azizi M, Sepehri S, Demehri F. Effect of acceptance and commitment therapy combined with compassion-focused therapy on behavioral problems and mother-child interactions in children with hearing impairment. Aud Vestib Res. 2021;30(4):256-63. [DOI:10.18502/avr.v30i4.7473]
[2] Thompson DC, McPhillips H, Davis RL, Lieu TL, Homer CJ, Helfand M. Universal newborn hearing screening: summary of evidence. JAMA. 2001;286(16):2000-10. [DOI:10.1001/jama.286.16.2000]
[3] Kral A, O’Donoghue GM. Profound deafness in childhood. N Engl J Med. 2010;363(15):1438-50. [DOI:10.1056/NEJMra0911225]
[4] Hintermair M, Sarimski K. Fathers of Deaf and Hard-of-Hearing Infants and Toddlers - Experiences, Needs, and Challenges. J Deaf Stud Deaf Educ. 2019;24(2):84-94. [DOI:10.1093/deafed/eny040]
[5] Gharashi K, Moheb N, Abdi R. Effects of acceptance and commitment therapy on decreasing anxiety and depression symptoms in mothers of hearing-impaired or deaf children. Aud Vestib Res. 2019;28(2):116-23. [DOI:10.18502/avr.v28i2.866]
[6] Vaccari C, Marschark M. Communication between parents and deaf children: implications for social-emotional development. J Child Psychol Psychiatry. 1997;38(7):793-801. [DOI:10.1111/j.1469-7610.1997.tb01597.x]
[7] Jackson CW, Turnbull A. Impact of Deafness on Family Life: A Review of the Literature. Topics Early Child Spec Educ. 2004;24(1):15-29. [DOI:10.1177/02711214040240010201]
[8] Poon BT, Zaidman-Zait A. Social support for parents of deaf children: moving toward contextualized understanding. J Deaf Stud Deaf Educ. 2014;19(2):176-88. [DOI:10.1093/deafed/ent041]
[9] Abbasi L, Azadfallah P, Fathi-Ashtiani A, Farahani H. [The relationship between the dimensions of object relations and marital satisfaction]. Clinical Psychology and Personality. 2021;19(1):81-92. Persian.
[10] Khadivi A, Sabaghi Renani S. [The Comparison of Adaptability and Domestic Violence Among Family With Chornic and Mental Illness]. Journal of Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi. 2020:9(3):59-68. Persian.
[11] Daanesh M, Ehtesham P. [Effectiveness of Transactional Analysis Training on Marital Satisfaction in People with Marital Disputes]. Women and Family Studies. 2018;11(41):73-81. Persian.
[12] Sobsey D. Marital Stability and Marital Satisfaction in Families of Children with Disabilities: Chicken or Egg? Developmental Disabilities Bulletin. 2004;32(1):62-83.
[13] Heydarnia A, Nazari AM, Soleimanian AA. [The Effectiveness of Prevention and Relationship Enhancement Program (PREP) on Marital Intimacy]. Clinical Psychology Studies. 2015;4(15):61-78. Persian.
[14] Rivera GN, Smith CM, Schlegel RJ. A window to the true self: The importance of I-sharing in romantic relationships. J Soc Pers Relat. 2019;36(6):1640-50. [DOI:10.1177/0265407518769435]
[15] Mohammadi S, Babapour T, Alipour F. [The role of identity styles and personality factors in predicting marital conflicts in couples]. Journal of Counseling Research. 2014;13(49):127-45. Persian.
[16] Ghorbani N, Watson PJ, Bing MN, Davison HK, LeBreton D. Two facets of self-knowledge: cross-cultural development of measures in Iran and the United States. Genet Soc Gen Psychol Monogr. 2003;129(3):238-68.
[17] Butler AM, Kwantes CT, Boglarsky CA. The effects of selfawareness on perceptions of leadership effectiveness in the hospitality industry: A cross cultural investigation. Int J Intercult Relat. 2014;40:87-98. [DOI:10.1016/j.ijintrel.2013.12.007]
[18] Roesler C, Reefschläger GI. Jungian psychotherapy, spirituality, and synchronicity: Theory, applications, and evidence base. Psychotherapy (Chic). 2022;59(3):339-50. [DOI:10.1037/pst0000402]
[19] Walle AH. Archetypes, Athletes, and Advertising: A Jungian Approach to Promotion. J Consum Mark. 1986;3(4):21-9. [DOI:10.1108/eb008176]
[20] Hassanzadeh S, Charmfroush Jalali L, Davaee M, Afrooz G. [Development and assessment of effectiveness of coping skills training program on parenting stress and marital satisfaction of mothers with deaf children]. Journal of Applied Psychological Research. 2015;6(2):91-104. Persian.
[21] Shokraneh Arzanaghi A, Babaei E, Nazoktabar H. [The study of the effectiveness of acceptance and commitment therapy on - marital coping strategies, self-awareness and marital conflicts of couples]. Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi. 2019;8(4):41-52. Persian.
[22] Yoosefi N. [Effectiveness of life skills training in marital satisfaction and couple,s hopefulness]. Journal of Family Psychology. 2016;3(1):59-70. Persian.
[23] Nunes C, Ferreira LI, Martins C, Pechorro P, Ayala-Nunes L. The enrich marital satisfaction scale: Adaptation and psychometric properties among at-risk and community Portuguese parents. Journal of Social and Personal Relationships. 2022;39(11):3275-95. [DOI:10.1177/02654075221095052]
[24] Tafreshi M, Amiri Majd M., Jafari A. [The Effectiveness of Anger Management Skills Training on Reduction Family Violence and Recovery Marital Satisfaction]. Journal of Family Research. 2013;9(3):299-310. Persian.
[25] Momeni K, Kavoosi Omid S, Amani R. [Predicting marital commitment on the basis of differentiation of self, family adaptability and cohesion, and marital intimacy]. Family Pathology, Counseling & Enrichment Journal. 2016;1(2):46-58. Persian.
[26] Ghorbani N, Watson PJ, Fayyaz F, Chen Z. Integrative selfknowledge and marital satisfaction. J Psychol. 2015;149(1-2):1-18. [DOI:10.1080/00223980.2013.827614]
[27] Hamachek D. Dynamics of Self-Understanding and Self-Knowledge: Acquisition, Advantages, and Relation to Emotional Intelligence. J Humanist Couns Educ Dev. 2000;38(4):230-42. [DOI:10.1002/j.2164-490X.2000.tb00084.x]
[28] Tenney ER, Vazire S, Mehl MR. This examined life: the upside of self-knowledge for interpersonal relationships. PLoS One. 2013;8(7):e69605. [DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0069605]
[29] Abedi A, Dadkhah A, Rostami M, Soltani PR, Movallali G, Salehy Z. Marital Satisfaction of Iranian Deaf Women: The Role of a Life Skills Training Program. Asian Journal of Social Sciences and Management Studies. 2016;3(4):234-40. [DOI:10.20448/journal.500/2016.3.4/500.4.234.240]
[30] Gibbons CL. Marital Satisfaction Among Army Spouses: A Multivariate Analysis of the Influence of Attachment, Resiliency, Forgiveness, and Self-Awareness. [Dissertation]. Vancouver: Capella University; 2020.
[31] Fotuhi-e Bonab S, Sadeghi S, Hashemi T. Study of Relationship Between self- knowledge and marital Adjustment. Life Sci J. 2013;10(6s):452-6.
[32] Sadati SZ, Mirzaian B, Doosti Y. The Effect of Basic Life Skills Training on Adaptability and Psychological Well-Being in Married Female Students. Int Clin Neurosci J. 2019;6(1):28-32. [DOI:10.15171/icnj.2019.06]
[2] Thompson DC, McPhillips H, Davis RL, Lieu TL, Homer CJ, Helfand M. Universal newborn hearing screening: summary of evidence. JAMA. 2001;286(16):2000-10. [DOI:10.1001/jama.286.16.2000]
[3] Kral A, O’Donoghue GM. Profound deafness in childhood. N Engl J Med. 2010;363(15):1438-50. [DOI:10.1056/NEJMra0911225]
[4] Hintermair M, Sarimski K. Fathers of Deaf and Hard-of-Hearing Infants and Toddlers - Experiences, Needs, and Challenges. J Deaf Stud Deaf Educ. 2019;24(2):84-94. [DOI:10.1093/deafed/eny040]
[5] Gharashi K, Moheb N, Abdi R. Effects of acceptance and commitment therapy on decreasing anxiety and depression symptoms in mothers of hearing-impaired or deaf children. Aud Vestib Res. 2019;28(2):116-23. [DOI:10.18502/avr.v28i2.866]
[6] Vaccari C, Marschark M. Communication between parents and deaf children: implications for social-emotional development. J Child Psychol Psychiatry. 1997;38(7):793-801. [DOI:10.1111/j.1469-7610.1997.tb01597.x]
[7] Jackson CW, Turnbull A. Impact of Deafness on Family Life: A Review of the Literature. Topics Early Child Spec Educ. 2004;24(1):15-29. [DOI:10.1177/02711214040240010201]
[8] Poon BT, Zaidman-Zait A. Social support for parents of deaf children: moving toward contextualized understanding. J Deaf Stud Deaf Educ. 2014;19(2):176-88. [DOI:10.1093/deafed/ent041]
[9] Abbasi L, Azadfallah P, Fathi-Ashtiani A, Farahani H. [The relationship between the dimensions of object relations and marital satisfaction]. Clinical Psychology and Personality. 2021;19(1):81-92. Persian.
[10] Khadivi A, Sabaghi Renani S. [The Comparison of Adaptability and Domestic Violence Among Family With Chornic and Mental Illness]. Journal of Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi. 2020:9(3):59-68. Persian.
[11] Daanesh M, Ehtesham P. [Effectiveness of Transactional Analysis Training on Marital Satisfaction in People with Marital Disputes]. Women and Family Studies. 2018;11(41):73-81. Persian.
[12] Sobsey D. Marital Stability and Marital Satisfaction in Families of Children with Disabilities: Chicken or Egg? Developmental Disabilities Bulletin. 2004;32(1):62-83.
[13] Heydarnia A, Nazari AM, Soleimanian AA. [The Effectiveness of Prevention and Relationship Enhancement Program (PREP) on Marital Intimacy]. Clinical Psychology Studies. 2015;4(15):61-78. Persian.
[14] Rivera GN, Smith CM, Schlegel RJ. A window to the true self: The importance of I-sharing in romantic relationships. J Soc Pers Relat. 2019;36(6):1640-50. [DOI:10.1177/0265407518769435]
[15] Mohammadi S, Babapour T, Alipour F. [The role of identity styles and personality factors in predicting marital conflicts in couples]. Journal of Counseling Research. 2014;13(49):127-45. Persian.
[16] Ghorbani N, Watson PJ, Bing MN, Davison HK, LeBreton D. Two facets of self-knowledge: cross-cultural development of measures in Iran and the United States. Genet Soc Gen Psychol Monogr. 2003;129(3):238-68.
[17] Butler AM, Kwantes CT, Boglarsky CA. The effects of selfawareness on perceptions of leadership effectiveness in the hospitality industry: A cross cultural investigation. Int J Intercult Relat. 2014;40:87-98. [DOI:10.1016/j.ijintrel.2013.12.007]
[18] Roesler C, Reefschläger GI. Jungian psychotherapy, spirituality, and synchronicity: Theory, applications, and evidence base. Psychotherapy (Chic). 2022;59(3):339-50. [DOI:10.1037/pst0000402]
[19] Walle AH. Archetypes, Athletes, and Advertising: A Jungian Approach to Promotion. J Consum Mark. 1986;3(4):21-9. [DOI:10.1108/eb008176]
[20] Hassanzadeh S, Charmfroush Jalali L, Davaee M, Afrooz G. [Development and assessment of effectiveness of coping skills training program on parenting stress and marital satisfaction of mothers with deaf children]. Journal of Applied Psychological Research. 2015;6(2):91-104. Persian.
[21] Shokraneh Arzanaghi A, Babaei E, Nazoktabar H. [The study of the effectiveness of acceptance and commitment therapy on - marital coping strategies, self-awareness and marital conflicts of couples]. Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi. 2019;8(4):41-52. Persian.
[22] Yoosefi N. [Effectiveness of life skills training in marital satisfaction and couple,s hopefulness]. Journal of Family Psychology. 2016;3(1):59-70. Persian.
[23] Nunes C, Ferreira LI, Martins C, Pechorro P, Ayala-Nunes L. The enrich marital satisfaction scale: Adaptation and psychometric properties among at-risk and community Portuguese parents. Journal of Social and Personal Relationships. 2022;39(11):3275-95. [DOI:10.1177/02654075221095052]
[24] Tafreshi M, Amiri Majd M., Jafari A. [The Effectiveness of Anger Management Skills Training on Reduction Family Violence and Recovery Marital Satisfaction]. Journal of Family Research. 2013;9(3):299-310. Persian.
[25] Momeni K, Kavoosi Omid S, Amani R. [Predicting marital commitment on the basis of differentiation of self, family adaptability and cohesion, and marital intimacy]. Family Pathology, Counseling & Enrichment Journal. 2016;1(2):46-58. Persian.
[26] Ghorbani N, Watson PJ, Fayyaz F, Chen Z. Integrative selfknowledge and marital satisfaction. J Psychol. 2015;149(1-2):1-18. [DOI:10.1080/00223980.2013.827614]
[27] Hamachek D. Dynamics of Self-Understanding and Self-Knowledge: Acquisition, Advantages, and Relation to Emotional Intelligence. J Humanist Couns Educ Dev. 2000;38(4):230-42. [DOI:10.1002/j.2164-490X.2000.tb00084.x]
[28] Tenney ER, Vazire S, Mehl MR. This examined life: the upside of self-knowledge for interpersonal relationships. PLoS One. 2013;8(7):e69605. [DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0069605]
[29] Abedi A, Dadkhah A, Rostami M, Soltani PR, Movallali G, Salehy Z. Marital Satisfaction of Iranian Deaf Women: The Role of a Life Skills Training Program. Asian Journal of Social Sciences and Management Studies. 2016;3(4):234-40. [DOI:10.20448/journal.500/2016.3.4/500.4.234.240]
[30] Gibbons CL. Marital Satisfaction Among Army Spouses: A Multivariate Analysis of the Influence of Attachment, Resiliency, Forgiveness, and Self-Awareness. [Dissertation]. Vancouver: Capella University; 2020.
[31] Fotuhi-e Bonab S, Sadeghi S, Hashemi T. Study of Relationship Between self- knowledge and marital Adjustment. Life Sci J. 2013;10(6s):452-6.
[32] Sadati SZ, Mirzaian B, Doosti Y. The Effect of Basic Life Skills Training on Adaptability and Psychological Well-Being in Married Female Students. Int Clin Neurosci J. 2019;6(1):28-32. [DOI:10.15171/icnj.2019.06]
| Files | ||
| Issue | Vol 32 No 3 (2023) | |
| Section | Research Article(s) | |
| DOI | https://doi.org/10.18502/avr.v32i3.12940 | |
| Keywords | ||
| Self-knowledge Jung’s method adaptability marital satisfaction hearingimpaired children | ||
| Rights and permissions | |
|
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License. |
How to Cite
1.
Sheikhi M, Abooei A, Azizi M. The Effectiveness of Jung’s Self-Knowledge on the Adaptability and Marital Satisfaction of Mothers with Hearing-Impaired Children. Aud Vestib Res. 2023;32(3):233-239.
