Temporal Fine Structure and Working Memory Abilities on Deciding the Probable Compression Speed in Hearing Aids
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Abstract
Background and Aim: Temporal fine structure (TFS) sensitivity and working memory (WM) abilities have been widely studied individually as the contributing factors for deciding compression speed in hearing aids.The study aimed to develop a clinical framework for setting optimal compression speed using combination of TFS sensitivity and WM abilities.
Methods: Participants were 25 native Kannada-speaking adults (Mean age 70 years). We evaluated the participant's TFS sensitivity using the TFS -adaptive frequency (-AF) and WM abilities using reading span test. Further, aided sentence recognition in noise was tested to obtain find the signal-to-noise ratio 50% (SNR50) correct identification happens in fast acting compression (FAC) and slow acting compression (SAC) modes.
Results: Individuals with good TFS sensitivity demonstrated significantly lower SNR50 scores with FAC and individuals with poor WM showed significantly lower SNR50 with SAC. However, individuals with poor TFS sensitivity and individuals with good WM ability showed no significance on SNR50 obtained between FAC and SAC. A strong negative correlation existed between TFS sensitivity and SNR50 in both SAC and FAC modes even after accounting for WM abilities. There was a mild negative correlation between WM abilities and SNR50 in FAC mode only, but this was not significant after accounting for TFS sensitivity.
Conclusion: Using the results of the present study along with the literature findings, a clinical framework was devised to enable the selection of appropriate compression speed for optimal speech understanding with hearing aids.
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2. Kuk F. Selecting the right compression. 2016; Available at: https://www.audiologyonline.com/articles/selecting-the-right-compression-18120. September, 2016.
3. Kuk F, Hau O. Compression speed and cognition: A variable speed compressor for all. Hearing Review. 2017;24(3):40-8.
4. Gatehouse S, Naylor G, Elberling C. Linear and nonlinear hearing aid fittings - 1. Patterns of benefit. Int J Audiol. 2006 Mar;45(3):130–52. DOI: 10.1080/14992020500429518
5. Moore BC, Füllgrabe C, Stone MA. Effect of spatial separation, extended bandwidth, and compression speed on intelligibility in a competing-speech task. J Acoust Soc Am. 2010;128(1):360–71. DOI: 10.1121/1.3436533
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7. Hansen M. Effects of multi-channel compression time constants on subjectively perceived sound quality and speech intelligibility. Ear Hear. 2002 Aug;23(4):369-80. DOI: 10.1097/00003446-200208000-00012
8. Moore BC, Stainsby TH, Alcántara JI, Kühnel V. The effect on speech intelligibility of varying compression time constants in a digital hearing aid. Int J Audiol. 2004 Jul-Aug;43(7):399-409. DOI: 10.1080/14992020400050051
9. Moore BC, Sęk A. Preferred Compression Speed for Speech and Music and Its Relationship to Sensitivity to Temporal Fine Structure. Trends Hear. 2016;20:2331216516640486. DOI: 10.1177/2331216516640486
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11. Hopkins K, King A, Moore BC. The effect of compression speed on intelligibility: simulated hearing-aid processing with and without original temporal fine structure information. J Acoust Soc Am. 2012;132(3):1592-601. DOI: 10.1121/1.4742719
12. Moore BC. The choice of compression speed in hearing AIDS: theoretical and practical considerations and the role of individual differences. Trends Amplif. 2008;12(2):103-12. DOI: 10.1177/1084713808317819
13. Moore BC, Peters RW, Stone MA. Benefits of linear amplification and multichannel compression for speech comprehension in backgrounds with spectral and temporal dips. J Acoust Soc Am. 1999;105(1):400-11. DOI: 10.1121/1.424571
14. Gatehouse S, Naylor G, Elberling C. Benefits from hearing aids in relation to the interaction between the user and the environment. Int J Audiol. 2003;42 Suppl 1:S77-85. DOI: 10.3109/14992020309074627
15. Souza PE, Sirow L. Relating working memory to compression parameters in clinically fit hearing AIDS. Am J Audiol. 2014;23(4):394-401. DOI: 10.1044/2014_AJA-14-0006
16. Lunner T, Sundewall-Thorén E. Interactions between cognition, compression, and listening conditions: effects on speech-in-noise performance in a two-channel hearing aid. J Am Acad Audiol. 2007;18(7):604-17. DOI: 10.3766/jaaa.18.7.7
17. Ohlenforst B, Souza PE, MacDonald EN. Exploring the Relationship Between Working Memory, Compressor Speed, and Background Noise Characteristics. Ear Hear. 2016;37(2):137-43. DOI: 10.1097/AUD.0000000000000240
18. Rönnberg J, Lunner T, Zekveld A, Sörqvist P, Danielsson H, Lyxell B,et al. The Ease of Language Understanding (ELU) model: theoretical, empirical, and clinical advances. Front Syst Neurosci. 2013;7:31. [DOI:10.3389/fnsys.2013.00031]
19. Cox RM, Xu J. Short and long compression release times: speech understanding, real-world preferences, and association with cognitive ability. J Am Acad Audiol. 2010;21(2):121-38. DOI: 10.3766/jaaa.21.2.6
20. Salorio-Corbetto M, Baer T, Stone MA, Moore BCJ. Effect of the number of amplitude-compression channels and compression speed on speech recognition by listeners with mild to moderate sensorineural hearing loss. J Acoust Soc Am. 2020 Mar 1;147(3):1344–58. DOI: 10.1121/10.0000804
21. Kumar UA, Sandeep M. Development and test trail of computer based auditory-cognitive training module for individuals with cochlear hearing loss. Departmental Project [unpublished]. Mysore: All India Institute of Speech and Hearing. 2013.
22. Füllgrabe C, Moore BCJ. Evaluation of a Method for Determining Binaural Sensitivity to Temporal Fine Structure (TFS-AF Test) for Older Listeners with Normal and Impaired Low-Frequency Hearing. Trends Hear. 2017;21:2331216517737230. DOI: 10.1177/2331216517737230
23. American National Standards Institute. Specification of Hearing Aid Characteristics (ANSI/ASA S3.22-2014). New York, NY: Author. 2014.
24. Geetha C, Kumar KSS, Manjula P, Pavan M. Development and standardisation of the sentence identification test in the Kannada language. J Hear Sci 2014;4(1):18-26. [DOI:10.17430/890267]
25. Shetty HN, Mendhakar A. Deep band modulation and noise effects: perception of phrases in adults. Hearing, Balance and Communication. 2015;13(3):111-7. doi.10.3109/21695717.2015.1058609
26. Wilson RH, Margolis RH. Measurements of auditory thresholds for speech stimuli. In: Konkle DF, Rintelmann WF, editors. Principles of Speech Audiometry. Baltimore, MD: University Park; 1983. p. 79-126.
27. Vestergaard MD, Fyson NR, Patterson RD. The mutual roles of temporal glimpsing and vocal characteristics in cocktail-party listening. J Acoust Soc Am. 2011;130(1):429-39. DOI: 10.1121/1.3596462
28. Ozmeral EJ, Buss E, Hall JW. Asynchronous glimpsing of speech: spread of masking and task set-size. J Acoust Soc Am. 2012;132(2):1152-64. DOI: 10.1121/1.4730976
29. Souza P, Arehart K, Neher T. Working Memory and Hearing Aid Processing: Literature Findings, Future Directions, and Clinical Applications. Front Psychol. 2015 Dec 16;6:1894. DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2015.01894
30. Ellison JC, Harris FP, Muller T. Interactions of hearing aid compression release time and fitting formula: effects on speech acoustics. J Am Acad Audiol. 2003;14(2):59-71. DOI: 10.3766/jaaa.14.2.2
31. Jenstad LM, Souza PE. Quantifying the effect of compression hearing aid release time on speech acoustics and intelligibility. J Speech Lang Hear Res. 2005;48(3):651-67. DOI: 10.1044/1092-4388(2005/045)
32. Stone MA, Moore BC. Quantifying the effects of fast-acting compression on the envelope of speech. J Acoust Soc Am. 2007;121(3):1654-64. DOI: 10.1121/1.2434754
33. Stone MA, Moore BC. Effects of spectro-temporal modulation changes produced by multi-channel compression on intelligibility in a competing-speech task. J Acoust Soc Am. 2008;123(2):1063-76. DOI: 10.1121/1.2821969
34. Moore BC, Wojtczak M, Vickers DA. Effect of loudness recruitment on the perception of amplitude modulation. J Acoust Soc Am. 1996;100(1):481-9. doi.10.1121/1.415861
35. Stone MA, Moore BC. Side effects of fast-acting dynamic range compression that affect intelligibility in a competing speech task. J Acoust Soc Am. 2004;116(4 Pt 1):2311-23. DOI: 10.1121/1.1784447
36. Rönnberg J. Working memory, neuroscience, and language: Evidence from deaf and hard-of-hearing individuals. In: Marschark M, Spencer PE, editors. Oxford Handbook of Deaf Studies, Language, and Education. Oxford: Oxford University Press; 2003. p. 478-90.
2. Kuk F. Selecting the right compression. 2016; Available at: https://www.audiologyonline.com/articles/selecting-the-right-compression-18120. September, 2016.
3. Kuk F, Hau O. Compression speed and cognition: A variable speed compressor for all. Hearing Review. 2017;24(3):40-8.
4. Gatehouse S, Naylor G, Elberling C. Linear and nonlinear hearing aid fittings - 1. Patterns of benefit. Int J Audiol. 2006 Mar;45(3):130–52. DOI: 10.1080/14992020500429518
5. Moore BC, Füllgrabe C, Stone MA. Effect of spatial separation, extended bandwidth, and compression speed on intelligibility in a competing-speech task. J Acoust Soc Am. 2010;128(1):360–71. DOI: 10.1121/1.3436533
6. Davies-Venn E, Souza P, Brennan M, Stecker GC. Effects of audibility and multichannel wide dynamic range compression on consonant recognition for listeners with severe hearing loss. Ear Hear. 2009 Oct;30(5):494-504. DOI: 10.1097/AUD.0b013e3181aec5bc
7. Hansen M. Effects of multi-channel compression time constants on subjectively perceived sound quality and speech intelligibility. Ear Hear. 2002 Aug;23(4):369-80. DOI: 10.1097/00003446-200208000-00012
8. Moore BC, Stainsby TH, Alcántara JI, Kühnel V. The effect on speech intelligibility of varying compression time constants in a digital hearing aid. Int J Audiol. 2004 Jul-Aug;43(7):399-409. DOI: 10.1080/14992020400050051
9. Moore BC, Sęk A. Preferred Compression Speed for Speech and Music and Its Relationship to Sensitivity to Temporal Fine Structure. Trends Hear. 2016;20:2331216516640486. DOI: 10.1177/2331216516640486
10. Zhang Y, Chen J, Zhang Y, Sun B, Liu Y. Using Auditory Characteristics to Select Hearing Aid Compression Speeds for Presbycusic Patients. Front Aging Neurosci. 2022;14:869338. DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2022.869338
11. Hopkins K, King A, Moore BC. The effect of compression speed on intelligibility: simulated hearing-aid processing with and without original temporal fine structure information. J Acoust Soc Am. 2012;132(3):1592-601. DOI: 10.1121/1.4742719
12. Moore BC. The choice of compression speed in hearing AIDS: theoretical and practical considerations and the role of individual differences. Trends Amplif. 2008;12(2):103-12. DOI: 10.1177/1084713808317819
13. Moore BC, Peters RW, Stone MA. Benefits of linear amplification and multichannel compression for speech comprehension in backgrounds with spectral and temporal dips. J Acoust Soc Am. 1999;105(1):400-11. DOI: 10.1121/1.424571
14. Gatehouse S, Naylor G, Elberling C. Benefits from hearing aids in relation to the interaction between the user and the environment. Int J Audiol. 2003;42 Suppl 1:S77-85. DOI: 10.3109/14992020309074627
15. Souza PE, Sirow L. Relating working memory to compression parameters in clinically fit hearing AIDS. Am J Audiol. 2014;23(4):394-401. DOI: 10.1044/2014_AJA-14-0006
16. Lunner T, Sundewall-Thorén E. Interactions between cognition, compression, and listening conditions: effects on speech-in-noise performance in a two-channel hearing aid. J Am Acad Audiol. 2007;18(7):604-17. DOI: 10.3766/jaaa.18.7.7
17. Ohlenforst B, Souza PE, MacDonald EN. Exploring the Relationship Between Working Memory, Compressor Speed, and Background Noise Characteristics. Ear Hear. 2016;37(2):137-43. DOI: 10.1097/AUD.0000000000000240
18. Rönnberg J, Lunner T, Zekveld A, Sörqvist P, Danielsson H, Lyxell B,et al. The Ease of Language Understanding (ELU) model: theoretical, empirical, and clinical advances. Front Syst Neurosci. 2013;7:31. [DOI:10.3389/fnsys.2013.00031]
19. Cox RM, Xu J. Short and long compression release times: speech understanding, real-world preferences, and association with cognitive ability. J Am Acad Audiol. 2010;21(2):121-38. DOI: 10.3766/jaaa.21.2.6
20. Salorio-Corbetto M, Baer T, Stone MA, Moore BCJ. Effect of the number of amplitude-compression channels and compression speed on speech recognition by listeners with mild to moderate sensorineural hearing loss. J Acoust Soc Am. 2020 Mar 1;147(3):1344–58. DOI: 10.1121/10.0000804
21. Kumar UA, Sandeep M. Development and test trail of computer based auditory-cognitive training module for individuals with cochlear hearing loss. Departmental Project [unpublished]. Mysore: All India Institute of Speech and Hearing. 2013.
22. Füllgrabe C, Moore BCJ. Evaluation of a Method for Determining Binaural Sensitivity to Temporal Fine Structure (TFS-AF Test) for Older Listeners with Normal and Impaired Low-Frequency Hearing. Trends Hear. 2017;21:2331216517737230. DOI: 10.1177/2331216517737230
23. American National Standards Institute. Specification of Hearing Aid Characteristics (ANSI/ASA S3.22-2014). New York, NY: Author. 2014.
24. Geetha C, Kumar KSS, Manjula P, Pavan M. Development and standardisation of the sentence identification test in the Kannada language. J Hear Sci 2014;4(1):18-26. [DOI:10.17430/890267]
25. Shetty HN, Mendhakar A. Deep band modulation and noise effects: perception of phrases in adults. Hearing, Balance and Communication. 2015;13(3):111-7. doi.10.3109/21695717.2015.1058609
26. Wilson RH, Margolis RH. Measurements of auditory thresholds for speech stimuli. In: Konkle DF, Rintelmann WF, editors. Principles of Speech Audiometry. Baltimore, MD: University Park; 1983. p. 79-126.
27. Vestergaard MD, Fyson NR, Patterson RD. The mutual roles of temporal glimpsing and vocal characteristics in cocktail-party listening. J Acoust Soc Am. 2011;130(1):429-39. DOI: 10.1121/1.3596462
28. Ozmeral EJ, Buss E, Hall JW. Asynchronous glimpsing of speech: spread of masking and task set-size. J Acoust Soc Am. 2012;132(2):1152-64. DOI: 10.1121/1.4730976
29. Souza P, Arehart K, Neher T. Working Memory and Hearing Aid Processing: Literature Findings, Future Directions, and Clinical Applications. Front Psychol. 2015 Dec 16;6:1894. DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2015.01894
30. Ellison JC, Harris FP, Muller T. Interactions of hearing aid compression release time and fitting formula: effects on speech acoustics. J Am Acad Audiol. 2003;14(2):59-71. DOI: 10.3766/jaaa.14.2.2
31. Jenstad LM, Souza PE. Quantifying the effect of compression hearing aid release time on speech acoustics and intelligibility. J Speech Lang Hear Res. 2005;48(3):651-67. DOI: 10.1044/1092-4388(2005/045)
32. Stone MA, Moore BC. Quantifying the effects of fast-acting compression on the envelope of speech. J Acoust Soc Am. 2007;121(3):1654-64. DOI: 10.1121/1.2434754
33. Stone MA, Moore BC. Effects of spectro-temporal modulation changes produced by multi-channel compression on intelligibility in a competing-speech task. J Acoust Soc Am. 2008;123(2):1063-76. DOI: 10.1121/1.2821969
34. Moore BC, Wojtczak M, Vickers DA. Effect of loudness recruitment on the perception of amplitude modulation. J Acoust Soc Am. 1996;100(1):481-9. doi.10.1121/1.415861
35. Stone MA, Moore BC. Side effects of fast-acting dynamic range compression that affect intelligibility in a competing speech task. J Acoust Soc Am. 2004;116(4 Pt 1):2311-23. DOI: 10.1121/1.1784447
36. Rönnberg J. Working memory, neuroscience, and language: Evidence from deaf and hard-of-hearing individuals. In: Marschark M, Spencer PE, editors. Oxford Handbook of Deaf Studies, Language, and Education. Oxford: Oxford University Press; 2003. p. 478-90.
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How to Cite
1.
Kooknoor V, Joy J, Shetty H. Temporal Fine Structure and Working Memory Abilities on Deciding the Probable Compression Speed in Hearing Aids. Aud Vestib Res. 2024;.
