Cognitive behavioural therapy in management of hyperacusis: a narrative review and clinical implementation
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Abstract
Background and Aim: The aim of this article was to critically discuss the clinical application of a cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT) protocol for the treatment of hyperacusis and its associated distress.
Methods: Narrative review
Recent Findings: Reviewing the research literature suggests that hyperacusis, anxiety and safety seeking behaviours may be linked. Therefore, it seems reasonable to suggest that clinical management of hyperacusis should also include addressing co-existing anxiety and avoidance behaviour. Although, there is strong evidence supporting the effectiveness of CBT in treating anxiety, the studies directly assessing the effect of CBT on hyperacusis are limited. In this paper, the clinical implementation of a CBT protocol for hyperacusis rehabilitation is discussed.
Conclusion: Although a causal relationship between anxiety and hyperacusis is not clear, there is a growing body of evidence suggesting a possible link between them. In the absence of a cure for hyperacusis, treatment of the anxiety component of the condition could be beneficial.
1. Aazh H, McFerran D, Salvi R, Prasher D, Jastreboff M, Jastreboff P. Insights from the first international conference on hyperacusis: causes, evaluation, diagnosis and treatment. Noise Health. 2014;16(69):123-6.
2. Jastreboff, PJ, Jastreboff, MM. Treatments for Decreased Sound Tolerance (Hyperacusis and Misophonia). Semin Hear. 2014;35(2):105-20.
3. Pienkowski M, Tyler RS, Roncancio ER, Jun HJ, Brozoski T, Dauman N, et al. A review of hyperacusis and future directions: part II. Measurement, mechanisms, and treatment. Am J Audiol. 2014;23(4):420-36.
4. Tyler RS, Pienkowski M, Roncancio ER, Jun HJ, Brozoski T, Dauman N, et al. A review of hyperacusis and future directions: part I. Definitions and manifestations. Am J Audiol. 2014;23(4):402-19.
5. Aazh H, Moore BCJ, Prasher D. Providing support to school children with hyperacusis. Br J Nurs. 2011;(6)4.174-8.
6. Andersson G, Lindvall N, Hursti T, Carlbring P. Hypersensitivity to sound (hyperacusis): a prevalence study conducted via the internet and post. Int J Audiol. 2002;41(8):545-54.
7. Hall AJ, Humphriss R, Baguley DM, Parker M, Steer CD. Prevalence and risk factors for reduced sound tolerance (hyperacusis) in children. Int J Audiol. 2015;7:1-7.
8. Malik ZA, Litman N. A 17-year-old boy with facial palsy and hyperacusis. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2008;27(7):646-74.
9. Trulsson U, Johansson M, Jansson G, Wiberg A, Hallberg LR. Struggling for a new self: in-depth interviews with 21 patients with hyperacusis after an acute head trauma. J Health Psychol. 2003;8(4):403-12.
10. Jastreboff PJ, Jastreboff MM. Tinnitus retraining therapy (TRT) as a method for treatment of tinnitus and hyperacusis patients. J Am Acad Audiol. 2000;11(3):162-77.
11. Schecklmann M, Landgrebe M, Langguth B; TRI database study group. Phenotypic characteristics of hyperacusis in tinnitus. PLoS One. 2014;9(1):e86944.
12. Attri D, Nagarkar AN. Resolution of hyperacusis associated with depression, following lithium administration and directive counselling. J Laryngol Otol. 2010;124(8):919-21.
13. Blaesing L, Kroener-Herwig B. Self-reported and behavioral sound avoidance in tinnitus and hyperacusis subjects, and association with anxiety ratings. Int J Audiol. 2012;51(8):611-7.
14. Blomberg S, Rosander M, Andersson G. Fears, hyperacusis and musicality in Williams syndrome. Res Dev Disabil. 2006;27(6):668-80.
15. Fagelson MA. The association between tinnitus and posttraumatic stress disorder. Am J Audiol. 2007;16(2):107-17.
16. Schröder A, Vulink N, Denys D. Misophonia: diagnostic criteria for a new psychiatric disorder. PLoS One. 2013;8(1):e54706.
17. Dubal S, Viaud-Delmon I. Magical ideation and hyperacusis. Cortex. 2008;44(10):1379-86.
18. Van Borsel J, Curfs LM, Fryns JP. Hyperacusis in Williams syndrome: a sample survey study. Genet Couns. 1997;8(2):121-6.
19. Danesh AA, Lang D, Kaf W, Andreassen WD, Scott J, Eshraghi AA. Tinnitus and hyperacusis in autism spectrum disorders with emphasis on high functioning individuals diagnosed with Asperger's syndrome. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol. 2015;79(10):1683-8.
20. Mahoney CJ, Rohrer JD, Goll JC, Fox NC, Rossor MN, Warren JD. Structural neuroanatomy of tinnitus and hyperacusis in semantic dementia. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2011;82(11):1274-8.
21. de Klaver MJ, van Rijn MA, Marinus J, Soede W, de Laat JA, van Hilten JJ. Hyperacusis in patients with complex regional pain syndrome related dystonia. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2007;78(12):1310-3.
22. Spyridakou C, Luxon LM, Bamiou DE. Patient-reported speech in noise difficulties and hyperacusis symptoms and correlation with test results. Laryngoscope. 2012;122(7):1609-14.
23. Zeng FG. An active loudness model suggesting tinnitus as increased central noise and hyperacusis as increased nonlinear gain. Hear Res. 2013;295:172-9.
24. Sheldrake J, Diehl PU, Schaette R. Audiometric characteristics of hyperacusis patients. Front Neurol. 2015;6:105.
25. Hallberg LR, Hallberg U, Johansson M, Jansson G, Wiberg A. Daily living with hyperacusis due to head injury 1 year after a treatment programme at the hearing clinic. Scand J Caring Sci. 2005;19(4):410-8.
26. Schwartz P, Leyendecker J, Conlon M. Hyperacusis and misophonia: the lesser-known siblings of tinnitus. Minn Med. 2011;94(11):42-3.
27. Hwang JH, Chou PH, Wu CW, Chen JH, Liu TC. Brain activation in patients with idiopathic hyperacusis. Am J Otolaryngol. 2009;30(6):432-4.
28. Jastreboff PJ, Hazell JW. A neurophysiological approach to tinnitus: clinical implications. Br J Audiol. 1993;27(1):7-17.
29. Anderson AK, Phelps EA. Lesions of the human amygdala impair enhanced perception of emotionally salient events. Nature. 2001;411(6835):305-9.
30. Schupp HT, Junghöfer M, Weike AI, Hamm AO. Emotional facilitation of sensory processing in the visual cortex. Psychol Sci. 2003;14(1):7-13.
31. Vuilleumier P, Schwartz S. Emotional facial expressions capture attention. Neurology. 2001;56(2):153-8.
32. Zeelenberg R, Wagenmakers EJ, Rotteveel M. The impact of emotion on perception: bias or enhanced processing? Psychol Sci. 2006;17(4):287-91.
33. Lader MH, Gelder MG, Marks IM. Palmar skin conductance measures as predictors of response to desensitization. J Psychosom Res. 1967;11(3):283-90.
34. Beck AT. Cognitive therapy and the emotional disorders (Meridian). 1st ed. New York: International Universities Press; 1976.
35. Salkovskis PM. The importance of behaviour in the maintenance of anxiety and panic: a cognitive account. Behavioural Psychotherapy. 1991;19(1):6-19.
36. Baguley DM. Hyperacusis. J R Soc Med. 2003;96(12):582-5.
37. Hunot V, Churchill R, Silva de Lima M, Teixeira V. Psychological therapies for generalized anxiety disorder. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2007;(1):CD001848.
38. Otte C. Cognitive behavioral therapy in anxiety disorders: current state of the evidence. Dialogues Clin Neurosci. 2011;13(4):413-21.
39. Dauman R, Bouscau-Faure F. Assessment and amelioration of hyperacusis in tinnitus patients. Acta Otolaryngol. 2005;125(5):503-9.
40. Goebel G, Floezinger U. Pilot study to evaluate psychiatric co-morbidity in tinnitus patients with and without hyperacusis. Hearing Balance Commun. 2008;6(1):78-84.
41. Jüris L, Andersson G, Larsen HC, Ekselius L. Psychiatric comorbidity and personality traits in patients with hyperacusis. Int J Audiol. 2013;52(4):230-5.
42. Wallén MB, Hasson D, Theorell T, Canlon B. The correlation between the hyperacusis questionnaire and uncomfortable loudness levels is dependent on emotional exhaustion. Int J Audiol. 2012;51(10):722-9.
43. Hasson D, Theorell T, Bergquist J, Canlon B. Acute stress induces hyperacusis in women with high levels of emotional exhaustion. PLoS One. 2013;8(1):e52945.
44. Jüris L, Andersson G, Larsen HC, Ekselius L. Cognitive behaviour therapy for hyperacusis: a randomized controlled trial. Behav Res Ther. 2014;54:30-7.
45. Khalfa S, Dubal S, Veuillet E, Perez-Diaz F, Jouvent R, Collet L. Psychometric normalization of a hyperacusis questionnaire. ORL J Otorhinolaryngol Relat Spec. 2002;64(6):436-42.
46. Pocock SJ. Clinical trials: a practical approach. 1st ed. Chichester: John Wiley & Sons Ltd; 1983.
47. Mansell W, Taylor JL. What is CBT and what isn’t CBT? In: Dryden W, Branch R, editors. The CBT Handbook. 1st ed. London: Sage; 2012. p. 5-24.
48. Wright JH. Cognitive behavior therapy: basic principles and recent advances. Focus. 2006;4(2):173-8.
49. Clak DA, Beck AT. Scientific foundations of cognitive theory and therapy of depression. 1st ed. New York: Wiley; 1999.
50. Safran JD. Towards a refinement of cognitive therapy in light of interpersonal theory: I. Theory. Clin Psychol Rev. 1990;10(1):87-105.
51. McKay M, Davis M, Fanning P. Thoughts and feelings: taking control of your moods and your life. 3rd ed. Oakland, CA: New Harbinger Publications; 2007.
52. Henry JL, Wilson PH. Psychological management of chronic tinnitus, the: a cognitive-behavioral approach. 1st ed. Boston: Allyn & Bacon; 2000.
53. Wolpe J. The practice of behavior therapy. 1st ed. New York: Pergamon Press; 1969.
54. Formby C, Gold SL, Keaser ML, Block KL, Hawley ML. Secondary benefits from tinnitus retraining therapy: clinically significant increases in loudness discomfort level and expansion of the auditory dynamic range. Semin Hear. 2007;28(4):227-60.
55. Wells A. Cognitive therapy of anxiety disorders: a practice manual and conceptual guide. 1st ed. Chichester: John Wiley & Sons Ltd; 1997.
2. Jastreboff, PJ, Jastreboff, MM. Treatments for Decreased Sound Tolerance (Hyperacusis and Misophonia). Semin Hear. 2014;35(2):105-20.
3. Pienkowski M, Tyler RS, Roncancio ER, Jun HJ, Brozoski T, Dauman N, et al. A review of hyperacusis and future directions: part II. Measurement, mechanisms, and treatment. Am J Audiol. 2014;23(4):420-36.
4. Tyler RS, Pienkowski M, Roncancio ER, Jun HJ, Brozoski T, Dauman N, et al. A review of hyperacusis and future directions: part I. Definitions and manifestations. Am J Audiol. 2014;23(4):402-19.
5. Aazh H, Moore BCJ, Prasher D. Providing support to school children with hyperacusis. Br J Nurs. 2011;(6)4.174-8.
6. Andersson G, Lindvall N, Hursti T, Carlbring P. Hypersensitivity to sound (hyperacusis): a prevalence study conducted via the internet and post. Int J Audiol. 2002;41(8):545-54.
7. Hall AJ, Humphriss R, Baguley DM, Parker M, Steer CD. Prevalence and risk factors for reduced sound tolerance (hyperacusis) in children. Int J Audiol. 2015;7:1-7.
8. Malik ZA, Litman N. A 17-year-old boy with facial palsy and hyperacusis. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2008;27(7):646-74.
9. Trulsson U, Johansson M, Jansson G, Wiberg A, Hallberg LR. Struggling for a new self: in-depth interviews with 21 patients with hyperacusis after an acute head trauma. J Health Psychol. 2003;8(4):403-12.
10. Jastreboff PJ, Jastreboff MM. Tinnitus retraining therapy (TRT) as a method for treatment of tinnitus and hyperacusis patients. J Am Acad Audiol. 2000;11(3):162-77.
11. Schecklmann M, Landgrebe M, Langguth B; TRI database study group. Phenotypic characteristics of hyperacusis in tinnitus. PLoS One. 2014;9(1):e86944.
12. Attri D, Nagarkar AN. Resolution of hyperacusis associated with depression, following lithium administration and directive counselling. J Laryngol Otol. 2010;124(8):919-21.
13. Blaesing L, Kroener-Herwig B. Self-reported and behavioral sound avoidance in tinnitus and hyperacusis subjects, and association with anxiety ratings. Int J Audiol. 2012;51(8):611-7.
14. Blomberg S, Rosander M, Andersson G. Fears, hyperacusis and musicality in Williams syndrome. Res Dev Disabil. 2006;27(6):668-80.
15. Fagelson MA. The association between tinnitus and posttraumatic stress disorder. Am J Audiol. 2007;16(2):107-17.
16. Schröder A, Vulink N, Denys D. Misophonia: diagnostic criteria for a new psychiatric disorder. PLoS One. 2013;8(1):e54706.
17. Dubal S, Viaud-Delmon I. Magical ideation and hyperacusis. Cortex. 2008;44(10):1379-86.
18. Van Borsel J, Curfs LM, Fryns JP. Hyperacusis in Williams syndrome: a sample survey study. Genet Couns. 1997;8(2):121-6.
19. Danesh AA, Lang D, Kaf W, Andreassen WD, Scott J, Eshraghi AA. Tinnitus and hyperacusis in autism spectrum disorders with emphasis on high functioning individuals diagnosed with Asperger's syndrome. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol. 2015;79(10):1683-8.
20. Mahoney CJ, Rohrer JD, Goll JC, Fox NC, Rossor MN, Warren JD. Structural neuroanatomy of tinnitus and hyperacusis in semantic dementia. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2011;82(11):1274-8.
21. de Klaver MJ, van Rijn MA, Marinus J, Soede W, de Laat JA, van Hilten JJ. Hyperacusis in patients with complex regional pain syndrome related dystonia. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2007;78(12):1310-3.
22. Spyridakou C, Luxon LM, Bamiou DE. Patient-reported speech in noise difficulties and hyperacusis symptoms and correlation with test results. Laryngoscope. 2012;122(7):1609-14.
23. Zeng FG. An active loudness model suggesting tinnitus as increased central noise and hyperacusis as increased nonlinear gain. Hear Res. 2013;295:172-9.
24. Sheldrake J, Diehl PU, Schaette R. Audiometric characteristics of hyperacusis patients. Front Neurol. 2015;6:105.
25. Hallberg LR, Hallberg U, Johansson M, Jansson G, Wiberg A. Daily living with hyperacusis due to head injury 1 year after a treatment programme at the hearing clinic. Scand J Caring Sci. 2005;19(4):410-8.
26. Schwartz P, Leyendecker J, Conlon M. Hyperacusis and misophonia: the lesser-known siblings of tinnitus. Minn Med. 2011;94(11):42-3.
27. Hwang JH, Chou PH, Wu CW, Chen JH, Liu TC. Brain activation in patients with idiopathic hyperacusis. Am J Otolaryngol. 2009;30(6):432-4.
28. Jastreboff PJ, Hazell JW. A neurophysiological approach to tinnitus: clinical implications. Br J Audiol. 1993;27(1):7-17.
29. Anderson AK, Phelps EA. Lesions of the human amygdala impair enhanced perception of emotionally salient events. Nature. 2001;411(6835):305-9.
30. Schupp HT, Junghöfer M, Weike AI, Hamm AO. Emotional facilitation of sensory processing in the visual cortex. Psychol Sci. 2003;14(1):7-13.
31. Vuilleumier P, Schwartz S. Emotional facial expressions capture attention. Neurology. 2001;56(2):153-8.
32. Zeelenberg R, Wagenmakers EJ, Rotteveel M. The impact of emotion on perception: bias or enhanced processing? Psychol Sci. 2006;17(4):287-91.
33. Lader MH, Gelder MG, Marks IM. Palmar skin conductance measures as predictors of response to desensitization. J Psychosom Res. 1967;11(3):283-90.
34. Beck AT. Cognitive therapy and the emotional disorders (Meridian). 1st ed. New York: International Universities Press; 1976.
35. Salkovskis PM. The importance of behaviour in the maintenance of anxiety and panic: a cognitive account. Behavioural Psychotherapy. 1991;19(1):6-19.
36. Baguley DM. Hyperacusis. J R Soc Med. 2003;96(12):582-5.
37. Hunot V, Churchill R, Silva de Lima M, Teixeira V. Psychological therapies for generalized anxiety disorder. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2007;(1):CD001848.
38. Otte C. Cognitive behavioral therapy in anxiety disorders: current state of the evidence. Dialogues Clin Neurosci. 2011;13(4):413-21.
39. Dauman R, Bouscau-Faure F. Assessment and amelioration of hyperacusis in tinnitus patients. Acta Otolaryngol. 2005;125(5):503-9.
40. Goebel G, Floezinger U. Pilot study to evaluate psychiatric co-morbidity in tinnitus patients with and without hyperacusis. Hearing Balance Commun. 2008;6(1):78-84.
41. Jüris L, Andersson G, Larsen HC, Ekselius L. Psychiatric comorbidity and personality traits in patients with hyperacusis. Int J Audiol. 2013;52(4):230-5.
42. Wallén MB, Hasson D, Theorell T, Canlon B. The correlation between the hyperacusis questionnaire and uncomfortable loudness levels is dependent on emotional exhaustion. Int J Audiol. 2012;51(10):722-9.
43. Hasson D, Theorell T, Bergquist J, Canlon B. Acute stress induces hyperacusis in women with high levels of emotional exhaustion. PLoS One. 2013;8(1):e52945.
44. Jüris L, Andersson G, Larsen HC, Ekselius L. Cognitive behaviour therapy for hyperacusis: a randomized controlled trial. Behav Res Ther. 2014;54:30-7.
45. Khalfa S, Dubal S, Veuillet E, Perez-Diaz F, Jouvent R, Collet L. Psychometric normalization of a hyperacusis questionnaire. ORL J Otorhinolaryngol Relat Spec. 2002;64(6):436-42.
46. Pocock SJ. Clinical trials: a practical approach. 1st ed. Chichester: John Wiley & Sons Ltd; 1983.
47. Mansell W, Taylor JL. What is CBT and what isn’t CBT? In: Dryden W, Branch R, editors. The CBT Handbook. 1st ed. London: Sage; 2012. p. 5-24.
48. Wright JH. Cognitive behavior therapy: basic principles and recent advances. Focus. 2006;4(2):173-8.
49. Clak DA, Beck AT. Scientific foundations of cognitive theory and therapy of depression. 1st ed. New York: Wiley; 1999.
50. Safran JD. Towards a refinement of cognitive therapy in light of interpersonal theory: I. Theory. Clin Psychol Rev. 1990;10(1):87-105.
51. McKay M, Davis M, Fanning P. Thoughts and feelings: taking control of your moods and your life. 3rd ed. Oakland, CA: New Harbinger Publications; 2007.
52. Henry JL, Wilson PH. Psychological management of chronic tinnitus, the: a cognitive-behavioral approach. 1st ed. Boston: Allyn & Bacon; 2000.
53. Wolpe J. The practice of behavior therapy. 1st ed. New York: Pergamon Press; 1969.
54. Formby C, Gold SL, Keaser ML, Block KL, Hawley ML. Secondary benefits from tinnitus retraining therapy: clinically significant increases in loudness discomfort level and expansion of the auditory dynamic range. Semin Hear. 2007;28(4):227-60.
55. Wells A. Cognitive therapy of anxiety disorders: a practice manual and conceptual guide. 1st ed. Chichester: John Wiley & Sons Ltd; 1997.
| Files | ||
| Issue | Vol 25 No 2 (2016) | |
| Section | Review Article(s) | |
| Keywords | ||
| Hyperacusis decreased sound tolerance misophonia phonophobia cognitive behavioural therapy | ||
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How to Cite
1.
Aazh H, Allott R. Cognitive behavioural therapy in management of hyperacusis: a narrative review and clinical implementation. Aud Vestib Res. 2016;25(2):63-74.
