Tehran University of Medical Sciences Auditory and Vestibular Research 2423-480X 0 0 2026 01 13 1509 1509 EN Shokoufeh Zare Iran University of Medical Sciences Ali Ghorbani Iran University of Medical Sciences Nahid Jalilevand Mohamad Kamali Iran University of Medical Sciences 2025 11 16 2025 12 27 Background and Aim: Early intervention with cochlear implantation for deaf children helps them acquire receptive and expressive language. Word learning is one aspect of language acquisition. The current study aimed to evaluate receptive vocabulary knowledge of deaf children who had received cochlear implant (CI) compared to their normal-hearing (NH) peers. Methods: This is a descriptive-analytical study with a cross-sectional design that  was conducted on  90 Persian-speaking children (30 with CIs and 60 with normal hearing). The hearing age (HA) of children with CIs ranged from 2 to 57 months, and their chronological age (CA) was in the range of 32-71 months. The Persian version of the Peabody picture vocabulary test (RPVT-P) was used to evaluate the children’s vocabulary knowledge. The t-test and Pearson’s correlation test were used to analyze and compare the data.  Results: There was a significant relationship between the total RPVT-P score and CA in both NH children (r= 0.842, p<0.001), and CI children (r = 0.824, p<0.001). There was a significant relationship between the total RPVT-P score and HA in children with CI (r = 0.658, p<0.001). There was a significant difference between the two groups of children in the scores of each RPVT-P item (p<0.001). Conclusion: Persian-speaking children with CI gradually develop their receptive vocabulary knowledge, but they do not reach the same level of skills as their NH peers. Children with CI can learn various vocabularies. Key words: Cochlear implants, deaf, hearing impairment, receptive language, vocabulary https://avr.tums.ac.ir/index.php/avr/article/view/1509