Tehran University of Medical Sciences Auditory and Vestibular Research 2423-480X 35 2 2025 09 21 184 191 EN Samira Bagheri Department of Audiology, School of Rehabilitation, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Parisa Rasouli Fard Department of Audiology, School of Rehabilitation, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Alireza Akbarzadeh Baghban Proteomics Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran AND Department of Biostatistics, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 2025 08 04 2025 09 03 Background and Aim: Temporal Fine Structure (TFS) cues are crucial for pitch perception, sound localization, and speech understanding in noise. Hearing loss can impair TFS sensitivity, but the role of audiogram configuration remains unclear. Therefore, this study aimed to compare binaural TFS sensitivity in adults with Sensorineural Hearing Loss (SNHL) having different audiogram configurations. Methods: This comparative cross-sectional study included 47 adults (32 with sloping audiograms, 15 with rising/flat audiograms) aged 18–50 with bilateral mild to moderate SNHL (26–55 dB HL). All participants had normal outer and middle ear status, were righthanded, and had no cognitive impairment. TFS sensitivity was measured using the TFSLow Frequency (TFS-LF) test at 250, 500, and 750 Hz, and the TFS-Adaptive Frequency (TFS-AF) test at Interaural Phase Differences (IPDs) of 45° and 135°. Results: For the TFS-LF test, average thresholds were lower in the sloping group at all frequencies, but the difference between the two groups was not significant (p>0.05). For the TFS-AF test, thresholds at IPD 135° were significantly higher than at IPD 45° (p<0.001), but the difference between the two groups was not significant. Significant correlations were observed between the TFS-LF and the TFS-AF thresholds (r=–0.783, p<0.001). Conclusion: There is no significant difference in TFS sensitivity between adults with sloping and rising/flat audiograms. Absolute hearing thresholds at various frequencies do not solely influence TFS sensitivity; factors such as cochlear health, neural timing, and individual variability may also affect the outcome. https://avr.tums.ac.ir/index.php/avr/article/view/1483