Tehran University of Medical Sciences Auditory and Vestibular Research 2423-480X 0 0 2025 09 21 1483 1483 EN Samira Bagheri Department of Audiology, School of Rehabilitation, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Parisa Rasouli Fard epartment of Audiology, School of Rehabilitation, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Alireza Akbarzadeh Baghban Proteomics Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran AND Department of Biostatistics, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 2025 08 04 2025 09 03 Background and Aim: Temporal fine structure (TFS) cues are crucial for pitch perception, sound localization, and speech understanding in noise. Hearing loss can impair TFS sensitivity, but the role of audiometric configuration remains unclear. This study compared binaural TFS sensitivity between adults with sloping and rising/flat sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL). Methods: This cross-sectional study included 47 adults (32 sloping, 15 rising/flat) aged 18–50 with bilateral mild to moderate SNHL (26–55 dB HL). All participants had normal outer and middle ear status, were right-handed, and had no cognitive impairment. TFS sensitivity was measured using the TFS- Low Frequency (TFS-LF) test at 250, 500, and 750 Hz, and the TFS- Adaptive Frequency (TFS-AF) test at interaural phase differences (IPDs) of 45° and 135°. Results: For the TFS-LF test, average thresholds were poorer in the sloping group at all frequencies, but differences were insignificant (p > 0.05). For the TFS-AF test, thresholds at IPD 135° were significantly higher than at IPD 45° (p < 0.001), with no significant group effect. Significant correlations were observed between the thresholds of the TFS-LF and the TFS-AF test. Conclusion: Based on the results of the TFS-LF and TFS-AF tests, there is no significant difference in TFS sensitivity between the two groups. Furthermore, TFS sensitivity is not determined solely by absolute hearing thresholds across different frequencies, and factors like age, cochlear health, neural timing, and individual variability may also affect outcomes. https://avr.tums.ac.ir/index.php/avr/article/view/1483